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Early College: Science: Genetic Disorders

The Tenth Grade Science FAQ Project for 2020

Welcome

Leja, Darryl. RNA Transcripts. 2016, National Human Genome Research Institute. Accessed 17 Feb. 2020.

You can use this guide to aid in your research for the tenth grade Science FAQ UnitUse the menu at the left to help locate the particular types of resources that you need, be they books or online articles.

HERE IS A GLOSSARY OF TERMS  FOR THIS UNIT:

Allele: One of two or more possibilities for a gene or other DNA sequence.  For example, the genes for A and B blood proteins, in humans, are two of the alleles possible at the ABO blood type locus.

Apoptosis: Cellular self-destruction, often performed when the cell (such as a cell of the human body) is defective or potentially cancerous.

Autosome: One of the paired, numbered chromosomes (in humans, chromosomes 1 through 22).

Chromosome: A strand of DNA, with its associated histone proteins, especially when it is condensed enough to be visible under a light microscope.

Codon: Three letters of RNA that match to a known tRNA/amino acid complex.

DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid, the genetic material in living cells.

Dominant: A gene whose effects can still be observed even in the presence of another allele for the same gene. 

Epigenetics: The study of heritable changes in gene expressions.

Express: To use the instructions from a gene to make the gene's product.

Gene: The sequence of DNA that provides instructions for building a gene product such as a protein or a functional RNA

Genome: All of the DNA in a living thing.

Histone: One of the proteins that DNA is wrapped around.

Monosomy: The condition of having only one of a particular chromosome instead of a pair.

Phenotype: The traits or appearance of a living thing.

Recessive: A gene whose effects cannot be observed in the presence of another allele for the same gene.

This glossary is excerpted from the following book:

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